The role of CD4+ CD25+ Treg in the mechanism of autoimmune auditory neuropathy in SD rats / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the role of CD4+CD25+regulatory cell (CD4+CD25+Treg) in auditory neuropathy (AN) using a rat model of autoimmune auditory neuropathy. Methods: The SD rats were immunized with P0 protein emulsified in complete Freunds adjuvant for 8 weeks. The number of CD4+CD25+Treg in peripheral blood and cochlea and the expression of Foxp3 gene in cochlea were detected respectively 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after the immunization with P0 protein in rats. Then CD4+CD25+Treg were transferred intravenously to the AN rats at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of the immunization, respectively. The change of auditory brainstem response (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) were detected, and the morphological changes in the inner ear were investigated. Results: The number of CD4+CD25+Treg in the peripheral blood of AN rats decreased gradually after 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of P0 protein immunization. The number of CD4+CD25+Treg in cochlea gradually increased with the prolongation of immunization time, but the expression of Foxp3 gene in cochlea gradually decreased over time. After intravenous transplantation of CD4+CD25+Treg in AN rats, the threshold of ABR response decreased, and DPOAE had no significant change. The number of spiral ganglion neurons in cochlea increased, and hair cells had no significant change under electron microscope. Conclusions: The decrease in the number and function of CD4+CD25+Treg reduces its inhibitory effect on autoimmune response and promotes the occurrence of autoimmune auditory neuropathy in AN rats. Adoptive transfer of CD4+CD25+Treg can reduce the autoimmune response and promote the recovery of autoimmune auditory neuropathy.

Panscleritis After Blunt Ocular Trauma in A Child with Epididymitis / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

We reported an 8-year-old boy with panscleritis in left eye and right epididymitis after falling on the ground. Etiologic diagnosis played a key role in this case. Systemic examinations ruled out systemic autoimmune diseases, tumors, and infections as the cause of scleritis and suggested that the disease was caused by a local delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by ocular trauma and was non-infectious. Still, the right epididymitis was infectious. Both conditions were treated successfully using steroids and antibiotics, respectively. Thus, early etiologic diagnosis and reasonable treatment are crucial to prevent visual loss.

Segmentation of organs at risk in nasopharyngeal cancer for radiotherapy using a self-adaptive Unet network / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the accuracy of automatic segmentation of organs at risk (OARs) in radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).@*METHODS@#The CT image data of 147 NPC patients with manual segmentation of the OARs were randomized into the training set (115 cases), validation set (12 cases), and the test set (20 cases). An improved network based on three-dimensional (3D) Unet was established (named as AUnet) and its efficiency was improved through end-to-end training. Organ size was introduced as a priori knowledge to improve the performance of the model in convolution kernel size design, which enabled the network to better extract the features of different organs of different sizes. The adaptive histogram equalization algorithm was used to preprocess the input CT images to facilitate contour recognition. The similarity evaluation indexes, including Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and Hausdorff Distance (HD), were calculated to verify the validity of segmentation.@*RESULTS@#DSC and HD of the test dataset were 0.86±0.02 and 4.0±2.0 mm, respectively. No significant difference was found between the results of AUnet and manual segmentation of the OARs (@*CONCLUSIONS@#AUnet, an improved deep learning neural network, is capable of automatic segmentation of the OARs in radiotherapy for NPC based on CT images, and for most organs, the results are comparable to those of manual segmentation.

Clinical and pathological analysis of 2 456 cases of salivary gland tumor / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# To investigate the clinical characteristics of salivary gland tumors and their pathological types.@*Methods@#Data from 2 456 patients with salivary gland tumors diagnosed between January 1973 and December 2018 at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were collected, and their gender, age and tumor pathological type, location, and benign and malignant composition ratios were retrospectively analyzed.@*Results@#Over the 46-year study period, 2 456 patients with salivary gland tumors were treated; 41.9% were female, and 58.1% were male. The peak incidence was found among the 40 to 60 years of age group, in which 593 (24.1%) patients had malignant tumors and 1 863 (75.9%) had benign tumors. The ratio of benign and malignant tumors was 3.1∶1. The top two most common benign tumors were pleomorphic adenoma (58.7%) and Warthin tumors (33.6%). The top two most common malignant tumors were mucoepidermoid carcinoma (27.7%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (26.1%). The most common sites of benign pleomorphic adenomas were the parotid glands, palate, and submandibular glands. Mucinous epidermoid carcinomas in malignant tumors were common in the parotid glands and small salivary glands. The incidence of salivary gland tumors in this group has increased each year, and this group accounted for 53.3% of the total cases over the past 10 years.@*Conclusion@#The number of patients with salivary gland tumors is increasing each year. The total incidence of salivary gland tumors is higher in men than in women. Large salivary gland tumors are mainly benign tumors, and small salivary gland tumors are more common. Polymorphic adenomas, Warthin tumors, and mucoepidermoid carcinomas are the most common tumor types; patients 40~60 years old are most likely to have benign salivary glands and have a high incidence of malignant tumors.

Screening and identification of mitochondrial miRNAs related to chemotherapy resistance in tongue squamous cell carcinoma / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To investigate the differential expression of mitochondrial microRNAs (mitomiRs) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and to screen out mitomiRs related to chemotherapy resistance. @* Methods @#Mitochondrial, cytoplasmic, and total cellular RNAs were extracted from the squamous cell carcinoma cell line CAL-27 and the cisplatin-resistant cell line CAL-27-re. High-throughput miRNA microarrays were used to screen for differentially expressed mitomiRs between the drug-resistant and parental cells. The upregulated mitomiRs in the CAL-27 and CAL-27-re cells and in samples from chemoresistant and chemosensitive tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients were verified by qRT-PCR.@*Results@#The microarray detected 263 miRNAs in 6 components of the mitochondrial, cytoplasmic and total cellular RNAs from the CAL-27 and CAL-27-re cells, including 57 mitomiRs and 134 cytoplasmic microRNAs (cytomiRs). Compared with the total miRNAs, 35 mitomiRs were upregulated in the CAL-27-re cells, and 31 mitomiRs were upregulated in the CAL-27 cells (≥ 1.5-fold). Further comparative analysis of mitomiRs that were differentially expressed between the parental and drug-resistant cells identified 11 upregulated mitomiRs (miR-2392, miR-4462, miR-1290, miR-4449, miR-1268a, miR-1246, and miR-371a-5p, miR-3934-5p, miR-4271, miR-513p, and miR-664b-3p) and 5 downregulated mitomiRs (miR-188-5p, miR-1973, miR -3653, miR-4499, and miR-5787); the expression levels of the other 41 mitomiRs were almost identical in both cell lines. The qRT-PCR results were consistent with the miRNA microarray results. The 11 upregulated mitomiRs that were validated between the CAL-27 and CAL-27-re cells included miR-1268a, miR-2392, miR-4462, and miR-1290. Additionally, 5 mitomiRs, including miR-4449, were upregulated in the clinical chemotherapy-resistant tongue squamous cell carcinoma samples.@* Conclusion@#Differentially expressed mitomiRs were found between cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells. mitomiRs with high expression levels (miR-2392, miR-4462, miR-1290, miR-4449 and miR-1268a) may play important roles in the drug resistance of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Application of extended clavicular epithelial flap in postoperative defect repair in elderly patients with oral cancer / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To explore the clinical application of an extended clavicular epithelial flap with a transverse cervical arterial blood supply in the repair of postoperative soft tissue defects in elderly patients with oral cancer.@*Methods@#From January 2015 to June 2018, 24 elderly patients with oral cancer were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan Provincial People′s Hospital, including 15 males and 9 females, aged 65-82 years, with an average age of 71.8 years. The supraclavicular epithelial flap was used to repair the soft tissue defect after radical resection of the oral cancer. The flap was at least 4 cm × 6 cm, and the maximum size was 7 cm × 9 cm. All patients completed a University of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QOL) survey 6 months after surgery, and a subjective satisfaction survey was conducted.@*Results @#The prolonged clavicular epithelial flap survival rate was 91.6% (22/24). The patients had good speech and swallowing function, hidden scars and no obvious sequelae. The average UW-QOL score 6 months after the operation was 76.5 ± 6.4. The follow-up satisfaction rate was 87.5% (21/24).@*Conclusion@#An extended clavicular epithelial flap with a transverse cervical arterial supply is reliable, of moderate thickness, is simple to implement, causes little trauma at the donor site, and yields a relatively concealed donor site. It is suitable for the simultaneous repair of soft tissue defects in elderly patients with oral cancer.

Application of virtual surgical planning in the surgical treatment of osteoradionecrosis of mandible / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To analyze the value of virtual surgical planning in the surgical treatment of osteoradionecrosis of the mandible and to provide a reference for clinical practice.@*.Methods @#From September 2017 to June 2018, 13 patients with mandibular osteoradionecrosis were evaluated preoperatively using the 3D virtual surgery software CMF Proplan 2.0. The surgical guide was designed and 3D printed. Bone resection, fibula shaping and bone graft localization were completed during the operation. In some cases, implants were implanted at the same time, and denture restoration was completed 3 to 6 months after surgery. Patients’ general information, perioperative data, and efficacy evaluation were analyzed.@*Results@#All patients underwent surgery successfully. The survival rate of the free fibula musculocutaneous flap was 100% (13/13), and one patient had complications (partial necrosis at the edge of the flap). The follow-up period was 7 to 15 months, and the median time was 10 months. All patients achieved a healing effect. The number of cases with an increase in mouth opening ≥ 1 cm, 0.5 cm ≤ mouth opening increase < 1 cm, and mouth opening increase < 0.5 cm were 5, 6, and 2, respectively. An imaging examination showed that 12 patients had good bone healing, and 1 patient did not completely heal 7 months after operation. The denture restoration was 92.3% (12/13), of which 3 cases were implanted and repaired at the same time. The average chewing efficiency was 56.11% ± 7.12% (42.03%-67.83%).@*Conclusion@#Virtual surgical planning is an effective method for the surgical treatment of mandibular osteoradionecrosis, which can reduce the risk of surgery and more effectively perform mandibular shape and function repair.

Advances in postoperative thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression therapy in females with thyroid cancer / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Differentiated thyroid cancer is the most common malignant carcinoma in female population.Postoperative long-term thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) suppression therapy can reduce the risk of recurrence for differentiated thyroid cancer and control the progress of the disease, but it also induces simultaneously subclinical hypothyroidism and imposes negative effect on female. In addition to cardiovascular disease, TSH suppression therapy can lead to the alteration of sex hormone metabolism, menstrual disorder, poor influence on pregnancy and osteoporosis. This article reviews the recent studies on postoperative TSH suppression therapy in women with thyroid cancer.

Expression of tumor suppressor factors SEMA3F, CYLD and miR-454 in rectal cancer patients / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To study the expression of tumor suppressor factors SEMA3F,CYLD and miR-454 in rectal cancer.Methods:21 patients with colorectal cancer admitted in our hospital from January to March in 2016 were selected as the study materials.The tumor inhibitoryfactor SEMA3F in rectal cancer tissue,cancerous surrounding tissue and normal rectum tissue were detected respectively,CYLD and miR-454,and to analyze the correlation between tumor suppressor factors SEMA3F,CYLD and miR-454,and to explore their roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of rectal cancer.Results:The expression of SEMA3F,CYLD and miR-454 in cancer tissue,paracancer tissue and normal tissue were statistically significant (P＜0.01).The levels of SEMA3F and CYLD were significantly lower in patients with metastasis than those without metastasis,and miR-454 was significantly higher than that in patients without metastasis (P＜0.01).The expression level of SEMA3F and CYLD in CRC tissues was significantly higher than that in moderately and poorly differentiated tissues,and the expression of miR-454 was significantly lower than that in moderately and poorly differentiated ones (P＜0.01).There was significant negative correlation between tumor suppressor CYLD and miR-454 (r=-0.971,P＜0.01).There was a significant negative correlation between tumor inhibitory factor SEMA3F and miR-454(r=-0.955,P＜0.01).Conclusion:The tumor suppressor factors SEMA3F and CYLD play an important role in inhibiting the formation and proliferation of cancer cells in colorectal cancer.The expression of tumor suppressor factors SEMA3F and CYLD in colorectal cancer is high in the early stage and gradually declines with the progression of the disease.MiR-454 can promote the growth of rectal cancer cells The expression of tumor suppressor factors SEMA3F,CYLD and miR-454 in colorectal carcinoma were significantly higher than those in SEMA3F and CYLD.The expression of tumor suppressor factors such as SEMA3F,CYLD and miR-454 were significantly correlated with the progression and prognosis of rectal cancer The evaluation has important reference value.

The Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Deafness Gene Related Hearing Loss in Children / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To study the age, the degree of hearing loss and the characteristics of inner ear imaging in children with GJB2 and SLC26A4 gene mutation-related deafness.Methods A total of 218 children with GJB2 and SLC26A4 gene mutations were enrolled in this study.Among them, with the combined test of deafness gene chip and DNA sequencing, 123 patients were diagnosed with GJB2 homozygous or complex mutations, and 95 patients were diagnosed with SLC26A4 homozygous or complex mutations.The age of the onset, the degrees of hearing loss and CT features of the temporal bone in children with GJB2 and SLC26A4 mutations were studied.Results The incidence of GJB2 and SLC26A4 gene mutations was 43.09%, 37.40%, 14.63%, 4.88% and 24.2%, 44.21%, 18.95% and 12.63% in the periods of infancy,early childhood,preschool and shoolage,respectively.The age composition of onset in the two groups showed statistical significance(P=0.014).The constituent ratio of children with moderate, severe and extremely severe degrees of hearing loss in the two groups with GJB2 and SLC26A4 gene mutations were 8.94%, 17.89%, 73.17% and 9.47%, 34.74% and 55.79%, respectively.Most of the group with GJB2 gene mutation had profound hearing loss, and the composition ratio of hearing loss degree in SLC26A4 group was statistically significant(P=0.014).99.19% of the children with GJB2 gene mutation group had normal structures of the inner ears.Only one case of CT showed bilateral internal auditory canal stenosis.For 95.79% of the children with SLC26A4 gene mutation, the CT results of the temporal bone were associated with the vestibular aqueduct expansion.Conclusion The onset age of GJB2 gene mutation children is concentrated in the infancy.Most of them are with very severe sensorineural deafness, not associated with the inner ear malformation.The onset age of SLC26A4 gene deafness children is concentrated in the early childhood.Most of them are with severe and extremely sever sensorineural deafness, closely related to vestibular aqueduct expansion and inner ear malformations.

Correlation study between four vessel regulate factors and white finger evaluating in workers exposed to hand-arm vibration / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between four vessel regulate factors and vibration-induced white finger( VWF) evaluating in workers exposed to hand-arm vibration,and discuss the value of regulate factors for VWF screening.METHODS: Using typical sampling method,77 male workers exposed to hand-arm vibration with more than 1 year of polish work from a metalwork factory were selected as the study subjects. Based on the workers' self-report,they were divided into VWF group( 43 workers) and non-VWF group( 34 workers). The venous blood from center elbow was collected and plasma was separated. The plasma level of endothelin( ET) was detected by radioimmunoassay. The plasma levels of transforming growth factor beta( TGF-β),soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1( s ICAM-1) and 5-hydroxytryptamine( 5-HT) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The regulate factors for evaluating VWF were screened and the new multivariable model index

Overview of application and research of Echinops genus in Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Asteraceae Echionopos (Echinops genus) is one of the world's plants commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine herbs. In this paper, a lot of literature on the basis of domestic and foreign, and modern research on the application of medicinal plants in different ethnic groups in our country Echionopos made a brief presentation and evaluation, and its in Chinese Han, Mongolian, Uygur, Kazak, Korean and other ethnic groups in the application of traditional medicine and related research conducted profiles. To further comprehensive and accurate use of the abundant plant resources and research, in order to find biologically active natural products, provide reference basis for the clinical application of new drugs developed and expanded drug source.

Effect of collagen crosslinking on porcine sclera with different methods / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Chemical crosslinking agent can be used to strengthen the intensity of sclera tissue,but the intensity of the sclera may be influenced by different crosslinking methods.Objective The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of collagen crosslinking on porcine sclera between whole-eye crosslinking method and scleral strip crosslinking method.Methods Whole-eye crosslinking or sclera strip crosslinking was performed on 70 fresh porcine eyeballs in five groups using 1％ genipin,1％ glutaraldehyde or PBS respectively for 40 minutes.After crosslinking,10 sclera strips with l0 mm×4 mm from the temporal lateral were prepared in every group for the stress-strain measurement using a Instron5848 microtester,and the other 4 scleral strips in each group were extracted for the thermal shrinkage temperature test.Results Biomechanical property test reveled that the elastic modulus value of sclera strips reduced by 70.0％-82.8％ in the whole-eye crosslinking method group compared with scleral stip crosslinking method group after treated with 1％ genipin ((8.98 ± 1.81) MPa vs.(10.85 ± 1.83) MPa,t =3.375,P =0.003)) and 1％ glutaraldehyde((12.78 ±2.91) MPa vs.(18.25 ±5.16) MPa,t =4.007,P =0.001)) ;The tensile stress of whole-eye crosslinking method group was 54.9％-90.1％ of scleral stips method group,showing significant decline after corsslinked of whole-eye in 5％,10％,15％ and 20％ strain conditions (all P ＜ 0.05).Thermomechanics test showed that the thermal shrinkage temperature was lower in the whole-eye crosslinking group compared with scleral stip crosslinking group after treated with both 1％ genipin ((68.8 ±0.9)℃ vs.(74.8± 1.3)℃,t=11.129,P=0.000)) and 1％ glutaraldehyde((73.3±0.9)℃ vs.(79.3±1.3)℃,t=11.112,P=0.000)).Conclusions Different crosslinking methods have an influence on the efficacy of collagen crosslinking on porcine sclera.Sclera strip crosslinking offers a better crosslinking intensity for selera.

Reference intervals for common thyroid function tests, during different stages of pregnancy in Chinese women / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The importance of diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy has been widely recognized. Our study was designed to compare two different detection reagents between Abbott and Roche and to establish the gestational related reference intervals for thyroid function tests (TFT) in Chinese women and to assay the reference ranges with the American Thyroid Association recommended standard.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serum samples were collected from 693 normal pregnant Chinese women and divided into five groups according to their gestational age: 9-13, 16-20, 24-28, 32-34 and 37-40 weeks. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were determined by two different detection reagents: Abbott Architect I 2000 and Roche Cobas Elecsys 600. The reference ranges of the TFT indexes were calculated according to the National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry (NACB). The 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of each stage were calculated, and the results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variances, t-test, and Spearman correlation analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thyroid hormone levels varied greatly among different gestational stages. TSH levels, as assessed via two different TSH ELISA kits showed consistent changing pattern during pregnancy and displayed linear correlation (P < 0.001). In 9-13 gestational weeks, TSH levels were significantly lower than that of other groups; and in 37-40 gestational weeks, it was higher than that of other groups (all P < 0.001). TSH reference ranges determined by Roche detection reagent in each group were higher than those by Abbott detection reagent (P < 0.01 respectively). FT4 levels were higher in 9-13 gestational weeks than that of other groups (P < 0.001). FT4 levels determined by Roche reagent were higher than Abbott reagent in 9-13 weeks, (P < 0.001), and lower in 24-28 and 37-40 weeks (P < 0.001 and P = 0.016, respectively). The TSH level was correlated with FT4 levels in 9-13 gestational weeks by detection reagents (for Abbott reagent, r=-0.319 for FT4 P < 0.001; for Roche reagent, r=-0.352 for FT4, P <0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Accurate evaluation of TFT in pregnant women should be based on the gestational-related reference intervals in Chinese population, and different detection reagents should also establish their own reference intervals.</p>

An uncontrolled open-label, multicenter study to monitor the antiviral activity and safety of inhaled zanamivir (as Rotadisk via Diskhaler device) among Chinese adolescents and adults with influenza-like illness / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It is the first multicenter clinical study in China to investigate zanamivir use among Chinese adolescents and adults with influenza-like illness (ILI) since 2009, when inhaled zanamivir (RELENZA(®)) was marketed in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An uncontrolled open-label, multicentre study to evaluate the antiviral activity, and safety of inhaled zanamivir (as Rotadisk via Diskhaler device); 10 mg administered twice daily for 5 days in subjects ≥ 12 years old with ILI. Patients were enrolled within 48 hours of onset and followed for eight days. Patients were defined as being influenza-positive if the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) test had positive results.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 400 patients ≥ 12 years old were screened from 11 centers in seven provinces from March 2010 to January 2011. Three hundred and ninety-two patients who took at least one dose of zanamivir were entered into the safety analysis. The mean age was 33.8 years and 50% were male. Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were the most common comorbidities. All the reported adverse events, such as rash, nasal ache, muscle ache, nausea, diarrhea, headache, occurred in less than 1% of subjects. Mild sinus bradycadia or arrhythmia occurred in four subjects (1%). Most of the adverse events were mild and did not require any change of treatment. No severe adverse events (SAE) or fatal cases were reported. Bronchospasm was found in a 38 years old woman whose symptoms disappeared after stopping zanamivir and without additional treatment. All the 61 influenza virus isolates (43 before enrollment, 18 during treatment) proved to be sensitive to zanamivir.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Zanamivir is well tolerated by Chinese adolescents and adults with ILIs. There is no evidence for the emergence of drug-resistant isolates during treatment with zanamivir.</p>

Evaluation of a new real-time PCR assay for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in clinical specimens / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish and evaluate a real-time PCR assay to detect Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M.pneumoniae) in clinical specimens.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By analysing the whole p1 gene sequence of 60 M.pneumoniae clinical isolates in Beijing of China, an optimized real-time PCR assay (MpP1) using p1 gene conserved region was designed. The specificity and sensitivity of this assay were evaluated and compared with other two reported assays (RepMp1 and Mp181) using 40 positive and 100 negative clinical specimens.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The detection limit of the new assay was 8.1 fg (about 1∼3CFU) M.pneumoniae DNA. The sensitivity of MpP1, RepMp1, and Mp181 assays appeared to be 100%, 100%, and 85%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MpP1 assay is suitable for the detection of M.pneumoniae in Chinese clinical specimens.</p>

Construction and development of experimental teaching system of clinical skills / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In order to improve the clinical skills of medical students,the First Clinical School of Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology strengthened the construction of teaching base,teaching materials,teaching team,curriculum and assessment methods,and established a comprehensive experimental teaching system of clinical skills.

Activity identification of peptide containing rat sodium pump α2 subunit M1-M2 extramembrane fragment in vitro / 生理学报

In order to explore the activity of a peptide containing rat sodium pump α2 subunit M1-M2 extramembrane fragment (RES2 derivative) in vitro, the peptide (Leu-Ala-Ala-Met-Glu-Asp-Glu-Pro-Ser-Asn-Asp-Asn-Gly-Gly-Gly-Ser) was synthesized by peptide synthesizer with Fmoc method and purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Its binding activity was identified by radioligand-receptor binding assay (RRA) and its bioactivity was measured by erythrocyte (86)Rb uptake. The results of saturation binding experiment and competitive binding experiment showed that the synthesized RES2 derivative had the capability to bind to (3)H-ouabain. The dissociation constant (K(d)) was 38.46 nmol/L and IC(50) was 6.353 nmol/L. Erythrocyte (86)Rb uptake experiment showed that the RES2 derivative blocked the inhibitory effect of ouabain on the sodium pump on erythrocyte membrane in a dose-dependent manner. The results showed that the RES2 derivative is capable of binding to ouabain and improving the activity of sodium pump on erythrocyte membrane, suggesting that the RES2 derivative might become an effective antihypertensive drug in the future.

Clinical features and pathogenesis of paroxysmal dyskinesias / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of paroxysmal dyskinesias.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed in 5 patients suffering from paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis(PKC) and 2 patients with paroxysmal persistent exercise-induced dystonia(PED).Results The episodes of all cases of PKC were induced by sudden movements.3 cases showed rigidty and hypertonia.3 cases presented with twist of limbs and dystonia.2 PED cases were induced by persistent movement,manifested involuntary movements of limbs,and the duration of the attack usually last seconds to minutes.5 patients showed epileptic discharges in EEG or AEEG.2 patients had abnormal findings of brain CT or MRI.4 PKC cases responded well to carbamazepine and 1 PED patients to large dose of valproate sodium.Conclusions Paroxysmal dyskinesias are usually induced by sudden movement and present paroxysmal extrapyramidal symptoms.Most of the patients show epileptic discharges in EEG and responded well to antiepileptic drugs.This implies the underlying relationship of pathogenesis between paroxysmal dyskinesia and epilepsy.

Clinical and pathological analysis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To study clinical characters and diagnosis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease (CJD), which will raise the rate of confirmed diagnosis.Methods The clinical manifestation, the results of light microscope and electron microscope in 4 patients with CJD proved by pathological examination were analyzed.Results There was typical clinical manifestation in the 4 patients,neuron degenerative death,gliocyte hyperplasia,no inflammatory change were observed in pathological examination. Degeneration and oncotic of axon in some myelin sheath were found by electron microscope examination.Conclusion CJD is a sporadic desease,no special effective therapy and worse prognosis. Clinical pathological examination is the best method for the diagnosis of CJD.